{{tag>[gentoo linux gpt btrfs]}}

=====Gentoo - Install=====
Points of departure:
  * **MBR**: Master boot record. Grub will install boot.img here, hardware will boot from this. Then it wil load first sector from core.img.
  * **core.img**: Will load its configuration file and any other modules needed, particularly file system drivers. It will load config from /boot/grub
  * **GPT**: GUID partition table.
  * **BTRFS**: file system.
  * **GRUB2**: bootloader
  * **SystemD**: init system.
====Download iso====
  * Download 64 bit ISO and verification files: [[http://distfiles.gentoo.org/releases/amd64/current-iso/]]
  * Verify signature:<code>gpg --recv-keys 0xBB572E0E2D182910
gpg --verify install-amd64-minimal-20141204.iso.DIGESTS.asc</code>
  * Verify key with: [[https://www.gentoo.org/proj/en/releng/]].
  * Verify integrity: <code>grep -A 1 -i sha512 install-amd64-minimal-20141204.iso.DIGESTS.asc
sha512sum install-amd64-minimal-20141204.iso.DIGESTS.asc

#or
openssl dgst -sha512 install-amd64-minimal-20141204.iso</code>
====Boot ISO====
  * Mount ISO via iLO, IPMI, etc...
  * Boot server from ISO (F11 on X9SCL/Supermicro).
  * Boot Gentoo: <code>boot: gentoo</code>
  * Select keymap, or leave default.

====Configure network====
  * Configure networking, for example DHCP:<code>dhcpcd enp4s0</code>
  * Change root password, create user and start SSHd <code># passwd
# useradd -m -G users,wheel john 
# passwd john
# /etc/init.d/sshd start</code>
  * Log in via SSH and switch to root.


====Configure disk layout and btrfs RAID1====
  * I've played a lot with software RAID, LVM, GPT etc. So lets completely wipe the SSDs. See: [[secure_wipe]]
  * Create GPT partitions including swap **on sda**: <code>gdisk /dev/sda
o          #create empty new GUID partition table.
n          #add new partition.
1          #partition number 1.
2048       #default first sector.
+2MiB      #BIOS boot partition size.
ef02       #partition type.

n          #add new partition.
2          #partition number 2.
<default>  #default next sector.
+2GiB      #SWAP partition size.
8200       #partition type.

n          #add new partition.
3          #partition number 3.
<default>  #default next sector.
<default>  #Rest of disk.
8300       #partition type.
w          #write changes and exit.</code>
  * Create GPT partitions swap **on sdb**: <code>gdisk /dev/sdb
o          #create empty new GUID partition table.
n          #add new partition.
1          #partition number 1.
2048       #default first sector.
+2MiB      #BIOS boot partition size.
ef02       #partition type.

n          #add new partition.
2          #partition number 2.
<default>  #default next sector.
<default>  #Rest of disk.
8300       #partition type.
w          #write changes and exit.</code>
  * Create RAID1 filesystem:<code># mkfs.btrfs -L btrfsmirror -m raid1 -d raid1 /dev/sda3 /dev/sdb2

WARNING! - Btrfs v3.14.2 IS EXPERIMENTAL
WARNING! - see http://btrfs.wiki.kernel.org before using

Performing full device TRIM (57.62GiB) ...
Turning ON incompat feature 'extref': increased hardlink limit per file to 65536
Performing full device TRIM (59.62GiB) ...
adding device /dev/sdb2 id 2
fs created label SSDRAID1 on /dev/sda3
        nodesize 16384 leafsize 16384 sectorsize 4096 size 117.25GiB
Btrfs v3.14.2</code>
  * Verify:<code># btrfs filesystem show
Label: 'SSDRAID1'  uuid: 3a69524a-97d1-4255-ab39-9ebf206f3f61
        Total devices 2 FS bytes used 112.00KiB
        devid    1 size 57.62GiB used 2.03GiB path /dev/sda3
        devid    2 size 59.62GiB used 2.01GiB path /dev/sdb2

Btrfs v3.14.2</code>
  * Add to /etc/fstab:<code>LABEL=btrfsmirror	/mnt/gentoo		btrfs	defaults,noatime	0 0
LABEL=btrfsmirror	/mnt/gentoo/root	btrfs	defaults,noatime,compress=lzo,autodefrag,subvol=root	0 0</code>
  * Mount new btrfs filesystem:<code># mount /mnt/gentoo</code>
  * Create BTRFS subvolumes: <code>btrfs subvolume create /mnt/gentoo/root
btrfs subvolume create /mnt/gentoo/root/home
btrfs subvolume create /mnt/gentoo/root/var</code>
  * Verify:<code>#  btrfs subvolume list /mnt/gentoo/
ID 258 gen 9 top level 5 path root
ID 259 gen 8 top level 258 path root/home
ID 260 gen 9 top level 258 path root/var

# btrfs fi df /mnt/gentoo
Data, RAID1: total=1.00GiB, used=512.00KiB
Data, single: total=8.00MiB, used=0.00
System, RAID1: total=8.00MiB, used=16.00KiB
System, single: total=4.00MiB, used=0.00
Metadata, RAID1: total=1.00GiB, used=160.00KiB
Metadata, single: total=8.00MiB, used=0.00
unknown, single: total=16.00MiB, used=0.00</code>


====Install stage====
  * Check and set date:<code># date
Thu Dec 18 19:56:19 UTC 2014
# date [MMDDhhmm[[CC]YY][.ss]]

#or
ntpdate ntp1.polaire.nl</code>
  * Download stage3 tarballs, go to releases/amd64/autobuilds/ on a mirror nearby:<code># cd /mnt/gentoo/root
# links http://www.gentoo.org/main/en/mirrors.xml

stage3-amd64-20141204.tar.bz2.CONTENTS
stage3-amd64-20141204.tar.bz2.DIGESTS
stage3-amd64-20141204.tar.bz2.DIGESTS.asc</code>
  * Verify integrity:<code># openssl dgst -r -sha512 stage3-amd64-<release>.tar.bz2</code>
  * Verify cryptographic signature:<code># gpg --recv-keys 0xBB572E0E2D182910
# gpg --verify stage3-amd64-20141204.tar.bz2.DIGESTS.asc </code>
  * Unpack tarball:<code># tar xvjpf stage3-*.tar.bz2</code>

====Install base====
  * Edit /mnt/gentoo/root/etc/portage/make.conf:<code># vi /mnt/gentoo/root/etc/portage/make.conf
CFLAGS="-march=native -O2 -pipe"
CXXFLAGS="${CFLAGS}"
MAKEOPTS="-j5"

USE="bindist mmx sse sse2 systemd -consolekit"</code>
  * Select mirror:<code># mirrorselect -i -o >> /mnt/gentoo/root/etc/portage/make.conf
# mirrorselect -i -r -o >> /mnt/gentoo/root/etc/portage/make.conf</code>
  * Copy DNS info:<code># cp -L /etc/resolv.conf /mnt/gentoo/root/etc/</code>
  * Mount special file systems:<code># mount -t proc proc /mnt/gentoo/root/proc
# mount --rbind /sys /mnt/gentoo/root/sys
# mount --rbind /dev /mnt/gentoo/root/dev</code>
  * Enter new environment:<code># chroot /mnt/gentoo/root /bin/bash
# source /etc/profile
# export PS1="(chroot) $PS1"</code>
====Configure portage====
  * Install a portage snapshot: <code># emerge-webrsync</code>
  * Update portage tree to latest version:<code># emerge --sync --quiet</code>
  * Select profile if needed:<code># eselect profile list
# eselect profile set <num></code>
  * Create symlink for SystemD:<code># ln -sf /proc/self/mounts /etc/mtab</code>
  * Re emerge in order to compile with systemd :<code># emerge -avDN @world</code>
  * Install VIM:<code># emerge --ask vim</code>
  * Configure timezone:<code># echo "Europe/Amsterdam" > /etc/timezone</code>
  * Reconfigure the sys-libs/timezone-data package:<code># emerge --config sys-libs/timezone-data</code>
  * Configure locale:<code>
# vi /etc/locale.gen
en_US ISO-8859-1
en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8

# locale-gen
# locale -a</code>
  * Set system wide locale: <code># eselect locale list
# eselect locale set <num></code>
  * Reload environment:<code># env-update && source /etc/profile</code>


====Configure Kernel====
  * Install kernel sources:<code># emerge --ask sys-kernel/gentoo-sources</code>
  * Install pci utils:<code># emerge --ask sys-apps/pciutils</code>
  * Configure kernel:<code># cd /usr/src/linux
# make menuconfig

CONFIG_AUTOFS4_FS
CONFIG_CGROUPS
CONFIG_FANOTIFY

##BTRFS
General setup  --->
  [*] Initial RAM filesystem and RAM disk (initramfs/initrd) support
File systems  --->
  <*> Btrfs filesystem support
  [*]   Btrfs POSIX Access Control Lists

##SystemD
Gentoo Linux --->
        Support for init systems, system and service managers --->
                [*] systemd

##devtmpfs
Device Drivers  --->
    Generic Driver Options  --->
        -*- Maintain a devtmpfs filesystem to mount at /dev
        [*]  Automount devtmpfs at /dev, after the kernel mounted the rootf</code>
  * Compile kernel:<code>make -j5 && make modules_install
make install</code>
  * Build initramfs:<code># emerge genkernel
# genkernel --install initramfs

# ls /boot/initramfs*</code>
   * Create swap: <code># mkswap /dev/sda2
Setting up swapspace version 1, size = 2097148 KiB
no label, UUID=6de68c5a-1c90-4b25-b019-00def47e6c35</code>
  * Configure /etc/fstab:<code>LABEL=btrfsmirror       /       btrfs   defaults,noatime,compress=lzo,autodefrag,subvol=root    0 0
UUID="6de68c5a-1c90-4b25-b019-00def47e6c35"     none    swap    sw      0 0</code>
   * Configure networking:<code># vi /etc/conf.d/hostname

# vi /etc/conf.d/net
dns_domain_lo="homenetwork"
config_enp4s0="dhcp"
#  emerge --ask --noreplace net-misc/netifrc

</code>
  * Edit /etc/hosts<code>127.0.0.1     tux.homenetwork tux localhost</code>
  * Set root password:<code>passwd</code>
  * Edit /etc/rc.conf
  * Edit /etc/conf.d/keymaps
  * Edit /etc/conf.d/hwclock


==== Install tools====
  * Install mailx:<code># emerge --ask virtual/mailx
# emerge --config =mail-mta/nullmailer-1.13-r4</code>
  * Install logrotate:<code># emerge --ask app-admin/logrotate</code>
  * Install syslogger:<code># emerge --ask app-admin/syslog-ng
# systemctl enable syslog-ng.service</code>
  * Install cron:<code># emerge --ask sys-process/cronie
# systemctl enable cronie.service</code>
  * Install file indexing:<code># emerge --ask sys-apps/mlocate</code>
  * Install DHCP client:<code># emerge --ask net-misc/dhcpcd</code>


====Install bootloader====
  * Install grub2:<code># vi /etc/portage/package.use
sys-boot/grub:2 device-mapper

# emerge --ask sys-boot/grub

# vi /etc/default/grub
# Append parameters to the linux kernel command line
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="rootfstype=btrfs rootflags=device=/dev/sda3,device=/dev/sdb2,subvol=root init=/usr/lib/systemd/systemd"

</code>
  * Install grub2 on disks:<code># grub2-install /dev/sda
# grub2-install /dev/sdb</code>
  * Generate config:<code># grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg</code>

====Reboot system====
  * Exit chroot:<code>exit</code>
  * Umount:<code>umount -l /mnt/gentoo/dev{/shm,/pts,}
umount /mnt/gentoo{/boot,/sys,/proc,}
reboot</code>