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install_gentoo

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Gentoo - Install

~~TOC~~ Points of departure:

  • MBR: Master boot record. Grub will install boot.img here, hardware will boot from this. Then it wil load first sector from core.img.
  • core.img: Will load its configuration file and any other modules needed, particularly file system drivers. It will load config from /boot/grub
  • GPT: GUID partition table.
  • BTRFS: file system.
  • GRUB2: bootloader
  • SystemD: init system.

Download iso

  • Download 64 bit ISO and verification files: http://distfiles.gentoo.org/releases/amd64/current-iso/
  • Verify signature:
    gpg --recv-keys 0xBB572E0E2D182910
    gpg --verify install-amd64-minimal-20141204.iso.DIGESTS.asc
  • Verify integrity:
    grep -A 1 -i sha512 install-amd64-minimal-20141204.iso.DIGESTS.asc
    sha512sum install-amd64-minimal-20141204.iso.DIGESTS.asc
    
    #or
    openssl dgst -sha512 install-amd64-minimal-20141204.iso

Boot ISO

  • Mount ISO via iLO, IPMI, etc…
  • Boot server from ISO (F11 on X9SCL/Supermicro).
  • Boot Gentoo:
    boot: gentoo
  • Select keymap, or leave default.

Configure network

  • Configure networking, for example DHCP:
    dhcpcd enp4s0
  • Change root password, create user and start SSHd
    # passwd
    # useradd -m -G users,wheel john 
    # passwd john
    # /etc/init.d/sshd start
  • Log in via SSH and switch to root.

Configure disk layout and btrfs RAID1

  • I've played a lot with software RAID, LVM, GPT etc. So lets completely wipe the SSDs. See: secure_wipe
  • Create GPT partitions including swap on sda:
    gdisk /dev/sda
    o          #create empty new GUID partition table.
    n          #add new partition.
    1          #partition number 1.
    2048       #default first sector.
    +2MiB      #BIOS boot partition size.
    ef02       #partition type.
    
    n          #add new partition.
    2          #partition number 2.
    <default>  #default next sector.
    +2GiB      #SWAP partition size.
    8200       #partition type.
    
    n          #add new partition.
    3          #partition number 3.
    <default>  #default next sector.
    <default>  #Rest of disk.
    8300       #partition type.
    w          #write changes and exit.
  • Create GPT partitions swap on sdb:
    gdisk /dev/sdb
    o          #create empty new GUID partition table.
    n          #add new partition.
    1          #partition number 1.
    2048       #default first sector.
    +2MiB      #BIOS boot partition size.
    ef02       #partition type.
    
    n          #add new partition.
    2          #partition number 2.
    <default>  #default next sector.
    <default>  #Rest of disk.
    8300       #partition type.
    w          #write changes and exit.
  • Create RAID1 filesystem:
    # mkfs.btrfs -L btrfsmirror -m raid1 -d raid1 /dev/sda3 /dev/sdb2
    
    WARNING! - Btrfs v3.14.2 IS EXPERIMENTAL
    WARNING! - see http://btrfs.wiki.kernel.org before using
    
    Performing full device TRIM (57.62GiB) ...
    Turning ON incompat feature 'extref': increased hardlink limit per file to 65536
    Performing full device TRIM (59.62GiB) ...
    adding device /dev/sdb2 id 2
    fs created label SSDRAID1 on /dev/sda3
            nodesize 16384 leafsize 16384 sectorsize 4096 size 117.25GiB
    Btrfs v3.14.2
  • Verify:
    # btrfs filesystem show
    Label: 'SSDRAID1'  uuid: 3a69524a-97d1-4255-ab39-9ebf206f3f61
            Total devices 2 FS bytes used 112.00KiB
            devid    1 size 57.62GiB used 2.03GiB path /dev/sda3
            devid    2 size 59.62GiB used 2.01GiB path /dev/sdb2
    
    Btrfs v3.14.2
  • Add to /etc/fstab:
    LABEL=btrfsmirror	/mnt/gentoo		btrfs	defaults,noatime	0 0
    LABEL=btrfsmirror	/mnt/gentoo/root	btrfs	defaults,noatime,compress=lzo,autodefrag,subvol=root	0 0
  • Mount new btrfs filesystem:
    # mount /mnt/gentoo
  • Create BTRFS subvolumes:
    btrfs subvolume create /mnt/gentoo/root
    btrfs subvolume create /mnt/gentoo/root/home
    btrfs subvolume create /mnt/gentoo/root/var
  • Verify:
    #  btrfs subvolume list /mnt/gentoo/
    ID 258 gen 9 top level 5 path root
    ID 259 gen 8 top level 258 path root/home
    ID 260 gen 9 top level 258 path root/var
    
    # btrfs fi df /mnt/gentoo
    Data, RAID1: total=1.00GiB, used=512.00KiB
    Data, single: total=8.00MiB, used=0.00
    System, RAID1: total=8.00MiB, used=16.00KiB
    System, single: total=4.00MiB, used=0.00
    Metadata, RAID1: total=1.00GiB, used=160.00KiB
    Metadata, single: total=8.00MiB, used=0.00
    unknown, single: total=16.00MiB, used=0.00

Install stage

  • Check and set date:
    # date
    Thu Dec 18 19:56:19 UTC 2014
    # date [MMDDhhmm[[CC]YY][.ss]]
  • Download stage3 tarballs, go to releases/amd64/autobuilds/ on a mirror nearby:
    # cd /mnt/gentoo/root
    # links http://www.gentoo.org/main/en/mirrors.xml
    
    stage3-amd64-20141204.tar.bz2.CONTENTS
    stage3-amd64-20141204.tar.bz2.DIGESTS
    stage3-amd64-20141204.tar.bz2.DIGESTS.asc
  • Verify integrity:
    # openssl dgst -r -sha512 stage3-amd64-<release>.tar.bz2
  • Verify cryptographic signature:
    # gpg --recv-keys 0xBB572E0E2D182910
    # gpg --verify stage3-amd64-20141204.tar.bz2.DIGESTS.asc 
  • Unpack tarball:
    # tar xvjpf stage3-*.tar.bz2

Install base

  • Edit /mnt/gentoo/root/etc/portage/make.conf:
    # vi /mnt/gentoo/root/etc/portage/make.conf
    CFLAGS="-march=native -O2 -pipe"
    CXXFLAGS="${CFLAGS}"
    MAKEOPTS="-j5"
    
    USE="bindist mmx sse sse2 systemd -consolekit"
  • Select mirror:
    # mirrorselect -i -o >> /mnt/gentoo/root/etc/portage/make.conf
    # mirrorselect -i -r -o >> /mnt/gentoo/root/etc/portage/make.conf
  • Copy DNS info:
    # cp -L /etc/resolv.conf /mnt/gentoo/root/etc/
  • Mount special file systems:
    # mount -t proc proc /mnt/gentoo/root/proc
    # mount --rbind /sys /mnt/gentoo/root/sys
    # mount --rbind /dev /mnt/gentoo/root/dev
  • Enter new environment:
    # chroot /mnt/gentoo/root /bin/bash
    # source /etc/profile
    # export PS1="(chroot) $PS1"

Configure portage

  • Install a portage snapshot:
    # emerge-webrsync
  • Update portage tree to latest version:
    # emerge --sync --quiet
  • Select profile if needed:
    # eselect profile list
    # eselect profile set <num>
  • Create symlink for SystemD:
    # ln -sf /proc/self/mounts /etc/mtab
  • Re emerge in order to compile with systemd :
    # emerge -avDN @world
  • Install VIM:
    # emerge --ask vim
  • Configure timezone:
    # echo "Europe/Amsterdam" > /etc/timezone
  • Reconfigure the sys-libs/timezone-data package:
    # emerge --config sys-libs/timezone-data
  • Configure locale:
    # vi /etc/locale.gen
    en_US ISO-8859-1
    en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8
    
    # locale-gen
    # locale -a
  • Set system wide locale:
    # eselect locale list
    # eselect locale set <num>
  • Reload environment:
    # env-update && source /etc/profile

Configure Kernel

  • Install kernel sources:
    # emerge --ask sys-kernel/gentoo-sources
  • Install pci utils:
    # emerge --ask sys-apps/pciutils
  • Configure kernel:
    # cd /usr/src/linux
    # make menuconfig
    
    CONFIG_AUTOFS4_FS
    CONFIG_CGROUPS
    CONFIG_FANOTIFY
    
    ##BTRFS
    General setup  --->
      [*] Initial RAM filesystem and RAM disk (initramfs/initrd) support
    File systems  --->
      <*> Btrfs filesystem support
      [*]   Btrfs POSIX Access Control Lists
    
    ##SystemD
    Gentoo Linux --->
            Support for init systems, system and service managers --->
                    [*] systemd
    
    ##devtmpfs
    Device Drivers  --->
        Generic Driver Options  --->
            -*- Maintain a devtmpfs filesystem to mount at /dev
            [*]  Automount devtmpfs at /dev, after the kernel mounted the rootf
  • Compile kernel:
    make -j5 && make modules_install
    make install
  • Build initramfs:
    # emerge genkernel
    # genkernel --install initramfs
    
    # ls /boot/initramfs*
  • Create swap:
    # mkswap /dev/sda2
    Setting up swapspace version 1, size = 2097148 KiB
    no label, UUID=6de68c5a-1c90-4b25-b019-00def47e6c35
  • Configure /etc/fstab:
    LABEL=btrfsmirror       /       btrfs   defaults,noatime,compress=lzo,autodefrag,subvol=root    0 0
    UUID="6de68c5a-1c90-4b25-b019-00def47e6c35"     none    swap    sw      0 0
  • Configure networking:
    # vi /etc/conf.d/hostname
    
    # vi /etc/conf.d/net
    dns_domain_lo="homenetwork"
    config_enp4s0="dhcp"
    #  emerge --ask --noreplace net-misc/netifrc
    
  • Edit /etc/hosts
    127.0.0.1     tux.homenetwork tux localhost
  • Set root password:
    passwd
  • Edit /etc/rc.conf
  • Edit /etc/conf.d/keymaps
  • Edit /etc/conf.d/hwclock

Install tools

  • Install mailx:
    # emerge --ask virtual/mailx
    # emerge --config =mail-mta/nullmailer-1.13-r4
  • Install logrotate:
    # emerge --ask app-admin/logrotate
  • Install syslogger:
    # emerge --ask app-admin/syslog-ng
    # systemctl enable syslog-ng.service
  • Install cron:
    # emerge --ask sys-process/cronie
    # systemctl enable cronie.service
  • Install file indexing:
    # emerge --ask sys-apps/mlocate
  • Install DHCP client:
    # emerge --ask net-misc/dhcpcd

Install bootloader

  • Install grub2:
    # vi /etc/portage/package.use
    sys-boot/grub:2 device-mapper
    
    # emerge --ask sys-boot/grub
    
    # vi /etc/default/grub
    # Append parameters to the linux kernel command line
    GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="rootfstype=btrfs rootflags=device=/dev/sda3,device=/dev/sdb2,subvol=root init=/usr/lib/systemd/systemd"
    
  • Install grub2 on disks:
    # grub2-install /dev/sda
    # grub2-install /dev/sdb
  • Generate config:
    # grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg

Reboot system

  • Exit chroot:
    exit
  • Umount:
    umount -l /mnt/gentoo/dev{/shm,/pts,}
    umount /mnt/gentoo{/boot,/sys,/proc,}
    reboot
install_gentoo.1419169794.txt.gz · Last modified: 2014/12/21 13:49 by admin